Pilonidal Sinus: Symptoms and Diagnosis

Pilonidal cyst is a very frequent pathology in young people, between 15 and 30 years of age.

pilonidal sinus

Pilonidal sinus or pilonidal cyst is a condition that appears in the intergluteal fold, that is, between the buttocks; formed by skin and hair follicles, usually produced when a hair pierces the skin and then becomes ingrown.

In many cases, pilonidal sinuses often remain asymptomatic and are discovered almost accidentally.

The diagnosis of pilonidal sinus is made only by the clinical symptoms presented by the patient; an examination or evaluation with a specialist is necessary to determine whether or not a pilonidal cyst exists.

It is important to make a differential diagnosis, ruling out boils, perianal fistulas and sacral osteomyelitis, among other similar pathologies.

Symptoms

The diagnosis of pilonidal disease is very different from patient to patient. However, some of the most common pilonidal cyst symptoms are:

Ilustración explicativa de sinus pilonidal en la piel con pelo incrustado

Causes of pilonidal sinus

The precise causes of pilonidal sinus that lead to this condition are unknown. However, pilonidal sinus is usually caused by a stray hair that pierces the skin and becomes ingrown, creating a cyst or abscess around it, as the body’s response to a foreign substance. Factors that can make you more prone to form pilonidal cysts include:

How to prevent pilonidal sinus?

Frequently Asked Questions

about pilonidal sinus
The main signs of a pilonidal cyst are as follows:
  1. Reddening of the skin
  2. Pain
  3. Presence of pus or blood in an opening of the skin.
  4. Unpleasant odor of oozing pus.

This pathology should be treated by a specialist in coloproctology, which is responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus.

As we know, the pilonidal cyst is located in the region above the intergluteal fold, an area of treatment for this specialist.

A pilonidal cyst is a cavity that forms around a hair follicle in the crease between the buttocks, which may look like a small dimple or pore in the skin containing a dark spot or hair.
Incertain cases, the cyst may become infected, resulting in a pilonidalabscess .
In many cases, the pilonidal cyst cannot be removed without surgery, especially if it is a chronic condition. Therefore, only in acute processes can it be eliminated with drainage and antibiotic treatment.