Why does the Pilonidal Sinus form?

Also known as pilonidal cyst, it is an increasingly frequent pathology in young people, mainly in men between 15 and 30 years of age.

Pilonidal sinus is a very common pathology that is very painful and annoying for the patient, even temporarily incapacitating him from his daily routine, since the symptoms prevent him from being able to sit still.

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how does pilonidal sinus appear?

There are several theories regarding the origin of pilonidal disease, what is clear is that there are certain known risk factors for developing it:

  • Family history of Pilonidal Sinus (SP)
  • Shape, size and hardness of hair (body and capillary)
  • Amount of hair in the crease between the buttocks
  • Pore size of the skin overlying the site
  • High friction and pressure on coccyx (e.g., certain sitting postures)
  • Trauma or blows to the coccyx (e.g., horseback riding)
  • Depth of the crease between the buttocks (variable according to genetics and weight)
  • Tendency to skin pore obstructions (acne, boils, sebaceous cysts, hydrosadenitis, etc.).
  • Weakened immune system

The theory developed by Dr. Bascom, the leading expert on Pilonidal Sinus, explains the onset of the disease as a succession of events beginning with:

  • Progressive dilatation of a hair follicle (friction, etc.)
  • Filling of the same with “filth”.
  • Follicle obstruction
  • Over-infection of the same by anaerobic bacteria
  • Rupture and formation of fistulous tracts or orifices

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Frequently Asked Questions

about Pilonidal Sinus
The main signs of a pilonidal cyst are as follows:
  1. Reddening of the skin
  2. Pain
  3. Presence of pus or blood in an opening of the skin.
  4. Unpleasant odor of oozing pus.

This pathology should be treated by a specialist in coloproctology, which is responsible for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum and anus.

As we know, the pilonidal cyst is located in the region above the intergluteal fold, an area of treatment for this specialist.

A pilonidal cyst is a cavity that forms around a hair follicle in the crease between the buttocks, which may look like a small dimple or pore in the skin containing a dark spot or hair.
Incertain cases, the cyst may become infected, resulting in a pilonidalabscess .
In many cases, the pilonidal cyst cannot be removed without surgery, especially if it is a chronic condition. Therefore, only in acute processes can it be eliminated with drainage and antibiotic treatment.